如何在Wowza Media Server上将影音媒体文件进行串流直播 — 如同电视台节目播送
此文章描述如何在Wowza Media Server的多媒体服务器上将视频／声音文件进行IPTV网络电视直播串流
Wowza本身支持的影音串流文件的格式：
-
Video and AudioFLV (Flash Video – .flv)
MP4 (QuickTime container – .mp4, .f4v, .mov, .m4v, .mp4a, .3gp, and .3g2)
MP3 (.mp3)
下载并解开Wowza Media Server的插件收集
点这里可以下载ZIP的压缩文档(wms-plugin-collection.zip)。
下载后进行解压缩此文档后，可参考README.html的说明：
This package contains one jar file that you can use to implement a number of extensions for Wowza Server To install 1. Copy the file jar file wms-plugin-collection.jar from [package]/lib/ into [install-dir]/lib/ For detailed description and implementation guide for each Module see this article on the Wowza Forum: Module Collection
其实很简单，就是把解开的文档下，/lib里面的文档 wms-plugin-collection.jar 拷贝到 ［wowza安装的文件夹]/lib里面，这样就行了。
在这个插件里，包含了许多Wowza的模块，所有模块（modules）的说明（英文） 陈述在此，在此不多做翻译说明，若有兴趣，可在此出回复。
在Wowza Media Server进行设定
依照前面的说闽嗯安装插件模块之后，可依据后面的说明进行设定。或者参考“How to do scheduled streaming with Stream class streams”的详细说名。特别是想了解下面的源代码：
package com.wowza.wms.plugin.collection.serverlistener;
import com.wowza.wms.application.*;
import com.wowza.wms.server.*;
import com.wowza.wms.vhost.*;
import com.wowza.wms.stream.publish.*;
import com.wowza.wms.logging.*;
import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
public class ServerListenerStreamPublisher implements IServerNotify {
WMSLogger log = WMSLoggerFactory.getLogger(null);
Map streamMap = new HashMap();
Map playlistMap = new HashMap();
public void onServerInit(IServer server)
{
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher Started.");
IVHost vhost = null;
IApplication app = null;
try
{
vhost = VHostSingleton.getInstance(server.getProperties().getPropertyStr("PublishToVHost", "_defaultVHost_"));
} catch (Exception evhost) {
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: Failed to get Vhost can not run.");
return;
}
try
{
app = vhost.getApplication(server.getProperties().getPropertyStr("PublishToApplication", "live"));
} catch (Exception eapp) {
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: Failed to get Application can not run.");
return;
}
// Belt and Braces check for VHost and App
if ( vhost == null || app == null )
{
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: VHost or Application failed, not running.");
return;
}
Boolean passThruMetaData = server.getProperties().getPropertyBoolean("PassthruMetaData", true);
String storageDir = app.getAppInstance("_definst_").getStreamStorageDir();
try
{
String smilLoc = storageDir + "/streamschedule.smil";
File playlistxml = new File(smilLoc);
if (playlistxml.exists() == false){
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: Could not find playlist file: " + smilLoc);
return;
}
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder db = null;
Document document = null;
try {
db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
document = db.parse("file:///" + smilLoc);
} catch (Exception e ) { log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: XML Parse failed"); return; }
document.getDocumentElement().normalize();
NodeList streams = document.getElementsByTagName("stream");
for (int i = 0; i < streams.getLength(); i++)
{
Node streamItem = streams.item(i);
if (streamItem.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
{
Element e = (Element) streamItem;
String streamName = e.getAttribute("name");
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: Streame name is '"+streamName+"'");
Stream stream = Stream.createInstance(vhost, app.getName(), streamName);
streamMap.put(streamName, stream);
app.getAppInstance("_definst_").getProperties().setProperty(streamName, stream);
}
}
NodeList playList = document.getElementsByTagName("playlist");
if (playList.getLength() == 0){
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: No playlists defined in smil file");
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < playList.getLength(); i++)
{
Node scheduledPlayList = playList.item(i);
if (scheduledPlayList.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
{
Element e = (Element) scheduledPlayList;
NodeList videos = e.getElementsByTagName("video");
if (videos.getLength() == 0){
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: No videos defined in stream");
return;
}
String streamName = e.getAttribute("playOnStream");
if (streamName.length()==0)
continue;
Playlist playlist = new Playlist(streamName);
playlist.setRepeat((e.getAttribute("repeat").equals("false"))?false:true);
playlistMap.put(e.getAttribute("name"), playlist);
for (int j = 0; j < videos.getLength(); j++)
{
Node video = videos.item(j);
if (video.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
{
Element e2 = (Element) video;
String src = e2.getAttribute("src");
Integer start = Integer.parseInt(e2.getAttribute("start"));
Integer length = Integer.parseInt(e2.getAttribute("length"));
playlist.addItem(src, start, length);
}
}
String scheduled = e.getAttribute("scheduled");
SimpleDateFormat parser = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
Date startTime = null;
try {
startTime = parser.parse(scheduled);
} catch (Exception z ) { log.info("Parsing schedule time failed."); return ; }
Stream stream = streamMap.get(streamName);
stream.setSendOnMetadata(passThruMetaData);
ScheduledItem item = new ScheduledItem(startTime, playlist, stream);
item.start();
IStreamActionNotify actionNotify = new StreamListener(app.getAppInstance("_definst_"));
stream.addListener(actionNotify);
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher Scheduled: " + stream.getName() + " for: " + scheduled);
}
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: Error from playlist manager is '"+ex.getMessage()+"'");
}
}
private class ScheduledItem {
public Timer mTimer;
public TimerTask mTask;
public Date mStart;
public Playlist mPL;
public Stream mStream;
public ScheduledItem(Date d, Playlist pl, Stream s){
mStart = d;
mPL = pl;
mStream = s;
mTask = new TimerTask(){
public void run() {
//synchronized(mStream.getLock())
//{
mPL.open(mStream);
//}
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher Scheduled stream is now live: " + mStream.getName());
}
};
mTimer = new Timer();
}
public void start(){
if (mTimer==null)
mTimer = new Timer();
mTimer.schedule(mTask, mStart);
log.info("scheduled playlist: "+mPL.getName()+
" on stream: "+mStream.getName()+
" for:"+mStart.toString());
}
public void stop(){
if (mTimer != null){
mTimer.cancel();
mTimer=null;
log.info("cancelled playlist: "+mPL.getName()+
" on stream: "+mStream.getName()+
" for:"+mStart.toString());
}
}
}
public void onServerCreate(IServer server)
{
}
public void onServerShutdownComplete(IServer server)
{
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: Shutdown server start");
for (Map.Entry entry : streamMap.entrySet())
{
try
{
Stream stream = entry.getValue();
stream.close();
stream = null;
log.info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher Closed Stream: " + entry.getKey());
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
log.error(ex.getMessage());
}
}
for (Map.Entry entry : playlistMap.entrySet())
{
try
{
Playlist pl = entry.getValue();
pl = null;
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
log.error(ex.getMessage());
}
}
}
public void onServerShutdownStart(IServer server)
{
}
class StreamListener implements IStreamActionNotify
{
StreamListener(IApplicationInstance appInstance)
{
}
public void onPlaylistItemStop(Stream stream, PlaylistItem item)
{
if (item.getIndex() == (stream.getPlaylist().size() - 1))
{
if (! stream.getRepeat())
{
stream.close();
WMSLoggerFactory.getLogger(null).info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher: closing stream: " + stream.getName());
}
}
}
public void onPlaylistItemStart(Stream stream, PlaylistItem item)
{
try
{
String name = stream.getCurrentItem().getName();
stream.getPublisher().getAppInstance().broadcastMsg("PlaylistItemStart", name);
WMSLoggerFactory.getLogger(null).info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher PlayList Item Start: " + name);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
WMSLoggerFactory.getLogger(null).info("ServerListenerStreamPublisher Get Item error: " + ex.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
而这个源代码的位置，在之前下载的压缩文档里的 <<zip –> wms-plugin-collection -> src -> com -> wowza -> wms -> plugin -> collection -> serverlistener -> ServerListenerStreamPublisher.java >>. 如果您真的有兴趣学习这个源代码，在自行研究。否则，下面的说明是有关相关的设定了。
在[安装wowza的文件夹]/conf/Server.xml这个文档打开并进行编辑，然后找到这个内容 /ServerListeners
然后输入下面这些源代码：
<ServerListener>
<BaseClass>com.wowza.wms.plugin.collection.serverlistener.ServerListenerStreamPublisher</BaseClass>
</ServerListener>
如果原先就已经有设定live这个应用，而且没有其他特别的应用和设定，原则上，已经设定完毕了。否则，还得依据所需要的进行下面3个步骤的设定程序。
**********************************************************
非常重要：这一台服务器必须要有一个叫做”live“应用，因为要做直播串流，所以这是必须的。而且这将是串流源与播放清单(Streams and Playlist）所要放的地方。如果，你想用其他的名字，例如MyLiveApp来取代live，则在conf/Server.xml的 /Properties里面设定下面的源代码：
Code:
<Property> <Name>PublishToApplication</Name> <Value>MyLiveApp</Value> </Property>
另外，如果你想用发布这个直播串流到另外的虚拟主机（VHost），则在conf/Server.xml的/Properties里面加上下面的源代码：
Code:
<Property> <Name>PublishToVHost</Name> <Value>CustomVHost</Value> </Property>
在默认设定值，从这些影音文档里提供的中间数据（MetaData）是会被传送到直播串流上的；如果你不希望有这个功能，你必须在/conf/Server.xml的/Properties里面写入下面的源代码，就不会有此功能了。
Code:
<Property>
<Name>PassthruMetaData</Name>
<Value>false</Value>
<Type>Boolean</Type>
</Property>
在目标的应用Application.xml里面的/StreamType要加上 “live” 或 “live-lowlatency”，才会有直播的功能。
*****************************************************
在[安装文件夹]/content/里面要建立一个 the smil 文档，取名为 streamschedule.smil
至少必须建立一个串流（stream)，然后也必须至少建立一个播放清单（playlist）。可以设定是否播完后重播，都可以在播放清单里面设定的。start=”-2″代表播放源就是直播(live)，length=’-1’代表播放到媒体文档的结尾。
你可以建立一个时程表里面包含了多个串流与多个播放清单，这样就类似电视台一样，可以有不同的频道以及顺序轮流播放，例如下面的范例。
Code:
<smil>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<stream name="Stream1"></stream>
<stream name="Stream2"></stream>
<playlist name="pl1" playOnStream="Stream1" repeat="true" scheduled="2009-12-11 16:00:00">
<video src="mp4:sample.mp4" start="5" length="5"/>
<video src="mp4:sample.mp4" start="50" length="5"/>
<video src="mp4:sample.mp4" start="150" length="5"/>
</playlist>
<playlist name="pl2" playOnStream="Stream1" repeat="true" scheduled="2009-12-11 16:30:00">
<video src="mp4:sample.mp4" start="0" length="-1"/>
</playlist>
<playlist name="pl3" playOnStream="Stream2" repeat="true" scheduled="2009-12-11 16:00:00">
<video src="mp4:sample.mp4" start="30" length="5"/>
</playlist>
</body>
</smil>
/content/streamschedule.smil的简单说明
- 所有的节目若播放完毕没有连接的其他节目，则会自动重播
- 串流名称（stream name） = “stream1”: stream1代表要被播放的串流
- “playlist name=”pl1″ playOnStream=”Stream1″ repeat=”true” scheduled=”2009-12-11 16:00:00″”: 在 2009/12/11 16:00:00 开始播放这个播放清单”pl1“到”Sream1″这个串流，会重播。
- “video src=”mp4:sample.mp4″ start=”5” length=”5″”：先在sample这个文档的第5秒开始播放，然后连续播放5秒钟
- “video src=”mp4:sample.mp4″ start=”50″ length=”5″”: 接着持续播放相同的文档，但是，是从第50秒钟播放5秒钟，播完后会从第50秒开始重播播5秒，如此一直重复
- “playlist name=”pl2″ playOnStream=”Stream1″ repeat=”true” scheduled=”2009-12-11 16:30:00″: 最后在 2009/12/11 16:30:00 开始播放这个pl2的播放清单，因为同一个stream1，所以在这个时间点，pl1就停止，改播pl2
- “video src=”mp4:sample.mp4″ start=”0″ length=”-1″”: 在pl2是从sample.mp4这个文档的一开始就播放，一直播放到结束，结束后继续重播。
- pl3播放清单是提供给stream2的，2009-12-11 16:00:00开始，会从sample.mp4的第30秒，播放5秒钟，然后持续重播。
客户端设置
服务器: rtmp://[wowza-address]/live
串流源: Stream1 (or Stream2. As set in smil file).
- 客户端可以设定 Server: rtmp://[wowza-address]/live, Stream: Stream1以及Server: rtmp://[wowza-address]/live，Stream: Stream2，来观看这2个频道。
参考文件
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